Citation:
FangBo Yu, SuiYan Fu, WeiJie Sun, XuZhi Zhou, Lun Xie, Han Liu, Duo Zhao, ShaoJie Zhao, Li Li, JingWen Zhang, Tong Wu, Ying Xiong,
2019: Heating of multi-species upflowing ion beams observed by Cluster on March 28, 2001, Earth and Planetary Physics, 3, 204-211.
doi: 10.26464/epp2019022
2019, 3(3): 204-211. doi: 10.26464/epp2019022
Heating of multi-species upflowing ion beams observed by Cluster on March 28, 2001
| 1. | School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China |
| 2. | Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. |
Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H+, He+, and O+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy spectra, are produced by acceleration through U-shaped potential structures. By eliminating the background ion population and employing Maxwelling fitting, we find that ions coming from the center of the potential structure have higher temperature than those from the flanks. Higher temperature of O+ and He+ compared to that of H+ indicates that heavy ions are preferentially heated; we further infer that the heating efficiencies of O+ and He+ ions differ between the center and edges of the U-shaped potential structures. Estimation based on pitch angle observations shows that heating may also occur at an altitude above the upper boundary of the auroral acceleration region (AAR), where these beams are generally thought to be formed.
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