Citation: | Citation: Yan, R., Shen, X. H., Huang, J. P., Wang, Q., Chu, W., Liu, D. P., Yang, Y. Y., Lu, H. X., and Xu, S. (2018). Examples of unusual ionospheric observations by the CSES prior to earthquakes. Earth Planet. Phys., 2(6), 515–526. http://doi.org/10.26464/epp2018050. |
The CSES (China seismic electromagnetic satellite) was launched on February 2, 2018 in a circular polar orbit at an altitude of ~507 km. One of the main objectives of CSES is to search for and characterize ionospheric perturbations that can be associated with seismic activities, to better understand the generation mechanism of such perturbations. Its scientific payload can measure a broad frequency range of electromagnetic waves and some important plasma parameters. This paper is a first-hand study of unusual observations recorded by the CSES over seismic regions prior to four earthquakes with