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地球与行星物理

ISSN  2096-3955

CN  10-1502/P

Citation: Liu, L. B., and Wan, W. X. (2020). Recent ionospheric investigations in China (2018–2019). Earth Planet. Phys., 4(3), 179–205. http://doi.org/10.26464/epp2020028

2020, 4(3): 179-205. doi: 10.26464/epp2020028

SPACE PHYSICS: IONOSPHERE

Recent ionospheric investigations in China (2018–2019)

LiBo Liu 1,2,3,4,,, WeiXing Wan 1,2,3,4,

1. 

Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2. 

Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
3. 

Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
4. 

College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100019, China

Corresponding author: LiBo Liu, liul@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

Received Date: 2019-09-30
Web Publishing Date: 2020-05-20

Since the release of the 2018 National Report of China on ionospheric research ( Liu LB and Wan WX, 2018) to the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), scientists from Mainland China have made many new fruitful investigations of various ionospheric-related issues. In this update report, we briefly introduce more than 130 recent reports (2018–2019). The current report covers the following topics: ionospheric space weather, ionospheric structures and climatology, ionospheric dynamics and couplings, ionospheric irregularity and scintillation, modeling and data assimilation, and radio wave propagation in the ionosphere and sounding techniques.

Key words: ionosphere; ionospheric storm; ionospheric climatology; ionospheric irregularity; GNSS; space weather

Aa, E., Huang, W. G., Liu, S. Q., Ridley, A., Zou, S. S., Shi, L. Q., Chen, Y. H., Shen, H., Yuan, T. J., … Wang, T. (2018a). Midlatitude plasma bubbles over China and adjacent areas during a magnetic storm on 8 September 2017. Space Wea., 16(3), 321–331. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001776

Aa, E., Ridley, A. J., Huang, W. G., Zou, S. S., Liu, S. Q., Coster, A. J., and Zhang, S. R. (2018b). An ionosphere specification technique based on data ingestion algorithm and empirical orthogonal function analysis method. Space Wea., 16(9), 1410–1423. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001987

Aa, E., Zou, S. S., Ridley, A. J., Zhang, S. R., Coster, A. J., Erickson, P. J., Liu, S. Q., and Ren, J. E. (2019). Merging of storm time midlatitude traveling ionospheric disturbances and equatorial plasma bubbles. Space Wea., 17(2), 285–298. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW002101

Aa, E., Zou, S. S., Eastes, R., Karan, D. K., Zhang, S. R., Erickson, P. J., and Coster, A. J. (2020). Coordinated ground-based and space-based observations of equatorial plasma bubbles. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 125(1), e2019JA027569. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA027569

Bai, W. H., Wang, G. J., Sun, Y. Q., Shi, J. K., Yang, G. L., Meng, X. G., Wang, D. W., Du, Q. F., Wang, X. Y., … Liu, C. (2019). Application of the Fengyun 3 C GNSS occultation sounder for assessing the global ionospheric response to a magnetic storm event. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12(3), 1483–1493. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1483-2019

Balan, N., Zhang, Q. H., Shiokawa, K., Skoug, R., Xing, Z. Y., Tulasi Ram, S., and Otsuka, Y. (2019). IpsDst of Dst storms applied to ionosphere–thermosphere storms and low-latitude aurora. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(11), 9552–9565. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA027080

Cai, Y. H., Yue, X. A., Wang, W. B., Zhang, S. R., Liu, L. B., Liu, H. X., and Wan, W. X. (2019). Long-term trend of topside ionospheric electron density derived from DMSP data during 1995–2017. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(12), 10708–10727. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA027522

Chen, G., Wang, J., Zhang, S. D., Deng, Z. X., Zhong, D. K., Wu, C., Jin, H., and Li, Y. X. (2018). Opposite latitudinal dependence of the premidnight and postmidnight oscillations in the electron density of midlatitude F layer. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(1), 796–807. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024162

Chen, G. Y., Zhou, C., Liu, Y., Zhao, J. Q., Tang, Q., Wang, X., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2019). A statistical analysis of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances during 2014–2017 using the Hong Kong CORS network. Earth, Planets Space, 71, 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-019-1031-9

Chen, J. J., and Lei, J. H. (2019). A simulation study on the latitudinal variations of ionospheric zonal electric fields under geomagnetically quiet conditions. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(2), 1444–1453. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026174

Chen, T., Wan, W., Xiong, J., Yu, Y., Ren, Z., and Yue, X. (2019). A statistical approach to quantify atmospheric contributions to the ITEC WN4 structure over low latitudes. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(3), 2178–2197. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026090

Chen, Y. D., Liu, L. B., Le, H. J., and Wan, W. X. (2018). Responses of solar irradiance and the ionosphere to an intense activity region. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(3), 2116–2126. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024765

Chen, Y. D., Liu, L. B., Le, H. J., and Zhang, H. (2019). Interhemispheric conjugate effect in longitude variations of mid-latitude ion density. J. Space Wea. Space Climate, 9, A40. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2019039

Chen, Z. W., Gong, Z. Q., Zhang, F., and Fang, G. Y. (2018). A new ionogram automatic scaling method. Radio Sci., 53(9), 1149–1164. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RS006574

Dang, T., Lei, J. H., Wang, W. B., Zhang, B. Z., Burns, A., Le, H. J., Wu, Q., Ruan, H. B., Dou, X. K., and Wan W. X. (2018a). Global responses of the coupled thermosphere and ionosphere system to the August 2017 great American solar eclipse. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(8), 7040–7050. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025566

Dang, T., Lei, J. H., Wang, W. B., Burns, A., Zhang, B. Z., and Zhang, S. R. (2018b). Suppression of the polar tongue of ionization during the 21 August 2017 solar eclipse. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(7), 2918–2925. https://doi.org/10.1002/2018GL077328

Dang, T., Zhang, B. Z., Wiltberge, M., Wang, W. B., Varney, R., Dou, X. K., Wan, W. X., and Lei, J. H. (2018c). On the relation between soft electron precipitations in the cusp region and solar wind coupling functions. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(1), 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024379

Dang, T., Lei, J. H., Wang, W. B., Wang, B. Y., Zhang, B. Z., Liu, J., Burns, A., and Nishimura, Y. (2019). Formation of double tongues of ionization during the 17 March 2013 geomagnetic storm. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(12), 10619–10630. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA027268

Ding, Z. H., Dai, L. D., Yang, S., Xu, Z. W., and Wu, J. (2018b). Preliminary measurement and analysis of the power spectra by the Qujing incoherent scatter radar. Prog. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 33(6), 2204–2210. https://doi.org/10.6038/pg2018BB0568

Ding, Z. H., Wu, J., Xu, B., Xu, Z. W., and Dai, L. D. (2018a). The Qujing incoherent scatter radar: system description and preliminary measurements. Earth, Planets Space, 70, 87. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-018-0859-8

Ding, Z. H., Dai, L. D., Yang, S., et al. (2020). Preliminary analysis of the ionospheric electron temperature variations of F layer in daytime using the Qujing incoherent scatter radar measurements. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 63(4), 1282–1293.

Fu, H. Y., Scales, W. A., Bernhardt, P. A., Jin, Y. Q., and Briczinski, S. J. (2018). Asymmetry in stimulated emission polarization and irregularity evolution during ionospheric electron gyroharmonic heating. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(18), 9363–9371. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078957

Fu, H. Y., and Scales, W. A. (2018). Kinetic modeling of stimulated electromagnetic emissions during ionospheric heating experiment. In 12th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE). Hangzhou: IEEE. http://doi.org/ 10.1109/ISAPE.2018.8634190222

Guo, D. J., Lei, J. H., Ridley, A., and Ren, D. X. (2019). Low-density cell of the thermosphere at high latitudes revisited. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(1), 521–533. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025770

Hao, Y. Q., Li, Q. H., Zhang, D. H., Xiao, Z., Yang, G. L., and Huang, C. (2018). Using GNSS TEC technique to observe compression of the plasmasphere by an interplanetary shock. Sci. Sin. Technol. (in Chinese) , 48(8), 853–862. https://doi.org/10.1360/N092017-00348

He, J. H., Yue, X. A., Wang, W. B., and Wan, W. X. (2019). EnKF ionosphere and thermosphere data assimilation algorithm through a sparse matrix method. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(8), 7356–7365. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026554

Huang, F. Q., Lei, J. H., Dou, X. K., Luan, X. L., and Zhong, J. H. (2018). Nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances from airglow imager and Global Navigation Satellite Systems observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(1), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076408

Huang, F. Q., Otsuka, Y., Lei, J. H., Luan, X. L., Dou, X. K., and Li, G. Z. (2019). Daytime periodic wave-like structures in the ionosphere observed at low latitudes over the Asian-Australian sector using total electron content from Beidou geostationary satellites. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(3), 2312–2322. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026443

Huang, H., Lu, X., Liu, L. B., Wang, W. B., and Li, Q. L. (2018). Transition of interhemispheric asymmetry of equatorial ionization anomaly during solstices. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(12), 10283–10300. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026055

Jiang, C. H., Yang, G. B., Liu, J., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2019a). A study of the F2 layer stratification on ionograms using a simple model of TIDs. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(2), 1317–1327. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026040

Jiang, C. H., Hu, H., Yang, G. B., Liu, J., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2019b). A statistical study of the F2 layer stratification at the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. Adv. Space Res., 63(10), 3167–3176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2019.01.038

Jimoh, O., Lei, J. H., Zhong, J. H., Owolabi, C., Luan, X. L., and Dou, X. (2019). Topside ionospheric conditions during the 7–8 September 2017 geomagnetic storm. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(11), 9381–9404. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026590

Jin, Y. Y., Xing, Z. Y., Zhang, Q. H., Wang, Y., and Ma, Y. Z. (2019). Polar cap patches observed by the EISCAT Svalbard Radar: A statistical study of its dependence on the solar wind and IMF conditions. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 192, 104768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2018.01.011

Lan, J. P., Ning, B. Q., Li, G. Z., Zhu, Z. P., Hu, L. H., and Sun, W. J. (2018). Observation of short-period ionospheric disturbances using a portable digital ionosonde at Sanya. Radio Sci., 53(12), 1521–1532. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018RS006699

Lan, T., Zhang, Y. N., Jiang, C. H., Yang, G. B., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2018). Automatic identification of Spread F using decision trees. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 179, 389–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2018.09.007

Lan, T., Jiang, C. H., Yang, G. B., Zhang, Y. N., Liu, J., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2019). Statistical analysis of low-latitude spread F observed over Puer, China, during 2015–2016. Earth, Planets Space, 71, 138. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-019-1114-7

Le, H. J., Lou, L. B., Chen, Y. D., and Zhang, H. (2019). Anomaly distribution of ionospheric total electron content responses to some solar flares. Earth Planet. Phys., 3(6), 481–488. https://doi.org/10.26464/epp2019053

Lei, J. H., Dang, T., Wang, W. B., Burns, A., Zhang, B. Z., and Le, H. J. (2018b). Long-lasting response of the global thermosphere and ionosphere to the 21 August 2017 solar eclipse. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(5), 4309–4316. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025460

Lei, J. H., Huang, F. Q., Chen, X. T., Zhong, J. H., Ren, D. X., Wang, W. B., Yue, X. A., Luan, X. L., Jia, M. J., … Xue, X. H. (2018a). Was magnetic storm the only driver of the long-duration enhancements of daytime total electron content in the Asian-Australian sector between 7 and 12 September 2017?. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(4), 3217–3232. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JA025166

Li, G. Z., Ning, B. Q., Abdu, M. A., Wang, C., Otsuka, Y., Wan, W. X., Lei, J. H., Nishioka, M., Tsugawa, T., … Yan, C. X. (2018a). Daytime F-region irregularity triggered by rocket-induced ionospheric hole over low latitude. Prog. Earth Planet. Sci., 5, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-018-0172-y

Li, G. Z., Ning, B. Q., Li, A., Yang, S. P., Zhao, X. K., Zhao, B. Q., and Wan, W. X. (2018b). First results of optical meteor and meteor trail irregularity from simultaneous Sanya radar and video observations. Earth Planet. Phys., 2(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.26464/epp2018002

Li, G. Z., Ning, B. Q., Wang, C., Abdu, M. A., Otsuka, Y., Yamamoto, M., Wu, J., and Chen, J. S. (2018c). Storm-enhanced development of postsunset equatorial plasma bubbles around the meridian 120°E/60°W On 7–8 September 2017. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(9), 7985–7998. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025871

Li, G. Z., Ning, B. Q., Zhao, X. K., Sun, W. J., Hu, L. H., Xie, H. Y., Liu, K. K., and Ajith, K. K. (2019). Low latitude ionospheric TEC oscillations associated with periodic changes in IMF Bz polarity. Geophys. Res. Lett., 46(16), 9379–9387. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL084428

Li, M., Yuan, Y. B., Wang, N. B., Liu, T., and Chen, Y. C. (2018). Estimation and analysis of the short-term variations of multi-GNSS receiver differential code biases using global ionosphere maps. J. Geod., 92(8), 889–903. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-017-1101-3

Li, N., Lei, J. H., Luan, X. L., Chen, J. S., Zhong, J. H., Wu, Q., Xu, Z. W., and Lin, L. K. (2019). Responses of the D region ionosphere to solar flares revealed by MF radar measurements. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 182, 211–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2018.11.014

Li, Q. H., Hao, Y. Q., Zhang, D. H., and Xiao, Z. (2018). Nighttime enhancements in the midlatitude ionosphere and their relation to the plasmasphere. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(9), 7686–7696. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025422

Li, Q. L., Liu, L. B., Balan, N., Huang, H., Zhang, R. L., Chen, Y. D., and Le, H. J. (2018). Longitudinal structure of the midlatitude ionosphere using COSMIC electron density profiles. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(10), 8766–8777. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JA02492

Li, Q. L., Liu, L. B., Jiang, J. Z., Li, W. B., Huang, H., Yu, Y., Li, J. C., Zhang, R. L., Le, H. J., and Chen, Y. D. (2019). α-Chapman scale height: longitudinal variation and global modeling. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124, 2083–2098. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026286

Li, Z. X., Luan, X. L., and Ren, D. X. (2019). Longitudinal variations of the occurrence probability of the ionospheric F1 layer peak at middle and high latitudes. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(11), 9592–9609. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026236

Liu, G. Q., Huang, W. G., Shen, H., Aa, E., Li, M. X., Liu, S. Q., and Luo, B. X. (2019). Ionospheric response to the 2018 sudden stratospheric warming event at middle- and low-latitude stations over China sector. Space Wea., 17(8), 1230–1240. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002160

Liu, H. T., Ding, F., Yue, X. A., Zhao, B. Q., Song, Q., Wan, W. X., Ning, B. Q., and Zhang, K. K. (2018). Depletion and traveling ionospheric disturbances generated by two launches of China’s Long March 4B rocket. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(12), 10319–10330. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026096

Liu, J., Zhang, D. H., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S. R., Ma, G. Y., Hao, Y. Q., and Xiao, Z. (2019a). A case study of the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances in the eastern Asian sector during the 2015 St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm. Ann. Geophys., 37(4), 673–687. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-673-2019

Liu, J., Zhang, D. H., Hao, Y. Q., and Xiao, Z. (2019b). The comparison of lunar tidal characteristics in the low-latitudinal ionosphere between East Asian and American sectors during stratospheric sudden warming events: 2009-2018. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(8), 7013–7033. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026722

Liu, K. K., Li, G. Z., and Ning, B. Q. (2019). Possible evidence for small-scale wave seeding of equatorial plasma bubbles. Adv. Space Res., 63(11), 3612–3620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2019.02.025

Liu, L. B., and Wan, W. X. (2018). Chinese ionospheric investigations in 2016–2017. Earth Planet. Phys., 2(2), 89–111. https://doi.org/10.26464/epp2018011

Liu, L. B., Le, H. J., Chen, Y. D., Zhang, R. L., Wan, W. X., and Zhang, S. R. (2019). New aspects of the ionospheric behavior over Millstone Hill during the 30-day incoherent scatter radar experiment in October 2002. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(7), 6288–6295. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026806

Liu, M. R., Zhou, C., Wang, X., Ni, B. B., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2018). Numerical simulation of oblique ionospheric heating by powerful radio waves. Ann. Geophys., 36(3), 855–866. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-855-2018

Liu, Y., Lei, J. H., Yu, P. C., Liu, P. F., Ling, Y. M., Zhang, Z. K., and Cao, J. X. (2018a). Spontaneous emission of Alfvénic Branch oscillations from a strong inhomogeneous plasma flow. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(1), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075611

Liu, Y., Lei, J. H., Yu, P. C., Ling, Y. M., Zhang, Z. K., Liu, P. F., and Cao, J. X. (2018b). Laboratory excitation of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in an ionospheric-like plasma. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(9), 3846–3853. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077550

Liu, Y., Zhou, C., Tang, Q., Li, Z. Q., Song, Y., Qing, H. Y., Ni, B. B., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2018c). The seasonal distribution of sporadic E layers observed from radio occultation measurements and its relation with wind shear measured by TIMED/TIDI. Adv. Space Res., 62(2), 426–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2018.04.026

Liu, Y., Zhou, C., Tang, Q., Chen, G. Y., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2019a). Geomagnetic conjugate observations of ionospheric disturbances in response to a North Korean underground nuclear explosion on 3 September 2017. Ann. Geophys., 37(3), 337–345. https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-337-2019

Liu, Y., Zhou, C., Tang, Q., Kong, J., Gu, X. D., Ni, B. B., Yao, Y., and Zhao, Z. Y. (2019b). Evidence of mid- and low-latitude nighttime ionospheric E–F coupling: coordinated observations of sporadic E layers, F -region field-aligned irregularities, and medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 57(10), 7547–7557. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2914059

Liu, Z. D., Fang, H. X., Weng, L. B., Wang, S. C., Niu, J., and Meng, X. (2019). A comparison of ionosonde measured foF2 and IRI-2016 predictions over China. Adv. Space Res., 63(6), 1926–1936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2019.01.017

Luo, W. H., Xiong, C., Zhu, Z. P., and Mei, X. F. (2018). Onset condition of plasma density enhancements: A case study for the effects of meridional wind during 17–18 August 2003. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(8), 6714–6726. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA025191

Lv, L. B., Li, Q. L., Hao, S. J., and Wu, Z. S. (2018). Study on scattering characteristic of AFAI in ionospheric heating by powerful high frequency waves. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 61(6), 2177–2185. https://doi.org/10.6038/cjg2018L0706

Ma, Y. Z., Zhang, Q. H., Xing, Z. Y., Jayachandran, P. T., Moen, J., Heelis, R. A., and Wang, Y. (2018a). Combined contribution of solar illumination, solar activity, and convection to ion upflow above the polar cap. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(5), 4317–4328. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JA024974

Ma, Y. Z., Zhang, Q. H., Xing, Z. Y., Heelis, R. A., Oksavik, K., and Wang, Y. (2018b). The ion/electron temperature characteristics of polar cap classical and hot patches and their influence on ion upflow. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(16), 8072–8080. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079099

Meng, X., Fang, H. X., Li, G. Z., Weng, L. B., and Wang, S. C. (2019). Observations of evolution-type band-like structures of F region irregularities. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(2), 1426–1443. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JA026091

Mo, X. H., and Zhang, D. H. (2018). Lunar tidal modulation of periodic meridional movement of equatorial ionization anomaly crest during sudden stratospheric warming. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 123(2), 1488–1499. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JA024718

Mo, X. H., Zhang, D. H., Liu, J., Hao, Y. Q., Ye, J. F., Qin, J. S., Wei, W. X., and Xiao, Z. (2018). Morphological characteristics of equatorial ionization anomaly crest over Nanning region. Radio Sci., 53(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017RS006386

Owolabi, C., Lei, J. H., Bolaji, O. S., Jimoh, O., Ruan, H. B., Li, N., Niu, X. J., and Yoshikawa, A. (2019). Investigation on the variability of the geomagnetic daily current during sudden stratospheric warmings. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(7), 6156–6172. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA026667

Priyadarshi, S., Zhang, Q. H., and Wang, Y. (2019). An empirical L-band scintillation model for a mid-latitude station, Weihai, China during the low solar activity period. Sci. China: Technol. Sci., 62(7), 1182–1190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-017-9266-x

Ren, D. X., Lei, J. H., Wang, W. B., Burns, A., Luan, X. L., and Dou, X. K. (2019). A simulation study on the time delay of daytime thermospheric temperature response to the 27-day solar EUV flux variation. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys., 124(11), 9184–9193. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JA027000

Ruan, H. B., Lei, J. H., Dou, X. K., Liu, S. Q., and Aa, E. C. (2018). An exospheric temperature model based on CHAMP observations and TIEGCM simulations. Space Wea., 16(2), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001759

Ruan, H. B., and Lei, J. H. (2019). Quantifying the impact of satellite sampling on the dynamic modeling of the upper thermosphere. Space Wea., 17(5), 757–766. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW002120

She, C. L., Yue, X. A., Hu, L. H., and Zhang, F. G. (2020). Estimation of ionospheric total electron content from a multi-GNSS station in China. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 58(2), 852–860. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2019.2941049

Sui, Y., Fu, H. Y., Xu, F., Wang, R., and Jin, Y. Q. (2019). Estimation of Ionospheric Effects on Spacebore Twinsar-L SAR Interferograms. In IGARSS 2019-2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (pp. 2081-2084). Yokohama: IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899905222

Sun, Y. Y., Liu, H. X., Miyoshi, Y., Liu, L. B., and Chang, L. C. (2018a). El Niño–Southern Oscillation effect on quasi-biennial oscillations of temperature diurnal tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Earth, Planets Space, 70, 85. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-018-0832-6

Sun, Y. Y., Liu, J. Y., Lin, C. C. H., Lin, C. Y., Shen, M. H., Chen, C. H., Chen, C. H., and Chou, M. Y. (2018b). Ionospheric bow wave induced by the moon shadow ship over the continent of United States on 21 August 2017. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(2), 538–544. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075926

Sun, Y. Y. (2019). GNSS brings us back on the ground from ionosphere. Geosci. Lett., 6, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-019-0144-0

Sun, Y. Y., Liu, H. X., Miyoshi, Y., Chang, L. C., and Liu, L. B. (2019a). El Niño– Southern Oscillation effect on ionospheric tidal/SPW amplitude in 2007–2015 FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC observations. Earth, Planets Space, 71, 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-019-1009-7

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Recent ionospheric investigations in China (2018–2019)

LiBo Liu, WeiXing Wan